Linux ppt slideshare. 15 or newer). The Linux Kernel is common to all Linux Ditributions; else, it won't be a Linux Operating system. Apr 15, 2013 · 5. Ele auxilia o usuário do computador a executar atividades como digitação, cálculos matemáticos, tocar música, navegar na internet, dentre outras. It discusses that Linux is an open-source, multi-user operating system that can run on 32-bit or 64-bit hardware. Feb 18, 2009 · Fedora is a Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest free and open source software. On a Linux system, we can create a symbolic link: mkdir foo. Kali is an updated version of BackTrack, which it replaced in 2013 to address dependency issues. o The kernel design is modular, so that the actual May 12, 2016 · The document summarizes the 6 main steps of the Linux booting process: 1) BIOS performs initial checks and loads the master boot record (MBR) from the hard drive. Sometimes it is helpful to be able to access a file from multiple locations within the hierarchy. g. Oct 8, 2018 · The document also describes the typical Linux desktop environment and popular software applications available for Linux. Linux programming utilizes Application Programming Interfaces and Application Binary Interfaces to develop both application and system software. Pop!OS 6. Fedora 8. Jul 7, 2010 · StatisticsEvans Data survey in 2004 says,”don'tbe surprised when Linux overtakes Windows to become the main focus for developers. Debian Linux Laboratory - B. # lspci -tv Name lspci - list all PCI devices Synopsis lspci [options] Description lspci is a utility for displaying information about all PCI buses in the system and all devices Jul 22, 2022 · Linux is an open-source operating system that can be programmed to create applications and software for both desktop and embedded devices. (NJIT) • Free version: Fedora Project. Vikram Neerugatti. Introduction Today Linux is in great demand. Jan 20, 2015 · 2. He released it under the GNU General Public License. LINUX-FREE SOFTWARE • Free software, as defined by the FSF (Free Software Foundation), is a "matter of liberty, not price. It contains over 600 security and forensics tools, runs on both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures, and is free and open source. It describes how when a computer is turned on, the BIOS loads the MBR which contains the bootloader. It allows users to enable or disable the firewall, set default policies, view status, and add or remove rules to allow or deny traffic using ports, protocols, IP addresses and other options. Its basic design from principles established in Unix during the 1970s and 1980s. Before Linux In 80’s, Microsoft’s DOS was the dominated OS for PC Apple MAC was better, but expensive UNIX was much better, but much, much more expensive. org) e, com isso, podem “fazer” seus próprios Linux. May 30, 2010 · Distribuições Red Hat Linux é uma distribuição de Linux muito conhecida, líder do mercado nos EUA. Torvalds created Linux based on GNU General Public License (GPL). Linux is the clone of Unix. • Nowadays, Linux is also used in embedded systems like routers, automation controls, televisions, digital Jul 27, 2018 · Linux The Linux kernel is an open-source monolithic unix-like computer operating system kernel. Percentage growth in the Aug 28, 2014 · This document describes the functions of various Linux commands, including commands for listing files (ls), creating directories (mkdir) and files (touch, cat), copying files (cp), changing directories (cd), moving files (mv), finding file locations (whereis, which), displaying manual pages (man, info), checking disk usage (df, du), viewing running processes (ps), setting aliases (alias Jul 3, 2017 · A Distribution is the collection of software making up a linux based operating system. Jun 28, 2012 · The document discusses the history and advantages of Linux compared to other operating systems like Windows, DOS and UNIX. “Walls” and flexible file access permission systems prevent access by unwanted visitors or viruses. -rw-r—r-- 1 root root 1229 Aug 20 6:20 reports si Note: only the owner or the root can change the permissions. 1 – It was put to the Aug 31, 2023 · The "Linux Advanced Commands" PowerPoint presentation delves into sophisticated command-line tools and techniques for proficient Linux users. 3) GRUB loads and executes the Linux kernel and initrd images. 0 released in 1994, 2. The commercial, nonfree version is Red Hat Enterprise Linux, which is aimed at big companies using Linux servers and desktops in a big way. 1. Aug 9, 2012 · UFW is a program for managing a netfilter firewall on Linux that aims to provide an easy to use interface. May 27, 2017 · 2. First version of kernel 0. 01 Linux first version of Windows OS was Windows 1. Sistema Operacional O que é um Software : Software é um programa de computador que realiza alguma ação para você. Yup! His name is Linus Torvalds. The term O(1) refers to a static algorithm, meaning that the time taken to choose a process for placing into execution is constant, regardless of the number of processes. root@powerpc# ls –l reports Type permissions links owner Owner’s primary group Date File namesSize Aug 20, 2017 · 3. Tech. Model proses pada Linux mirip dengan UNIX, dimana prinsip dasar keduanya menggunakan fungsi fork() dan exec(). Oct 3, 2019 · 5. The document outlines the various roles of Linux, including as a desktop, server, and firewall system. 30. 2) The MBR loads the GRUB boot loader. # make foo directory. Aplicações de Sistema: Já que o núcleo (kernel) faz muito pouco sozinho. Help Facilities for Commands Linux Commands To understand the working of the command and possible options use (man command) Using the GNU Info System (info, info command) Listing a Description of a Program (whatis command) Many tools have a long−style option, `−−help', that outputs usage information about the tool, including the options and arguments the tool takes. O código fonte pode ser escrito em qualquer uma das centenas de idiomas diferentes, o Linux apenas pode ser escrito em C, que é uma linguagem que compartilha o histórico com o UNIX original. This document provides an overview of Linux fundamentals, including: - The kernel acts as an interface between hardware and software, handling processes and resource allocation. 6th CSE - Dr. 2 in 1999. Linus Torvalds began a project that later became the Linux kernel. This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system. nano - using nano create a file also to view and edit already created file. Apr 14, 2015 · Linux was originally developed as Open Source operating system for Intel x86-based PCs In the heterogeneous network Linux co-operates by the native support of network protocols with Macintosh, Novell and Windows At the beginning of 2001 at least 10 million Linux user world-wide. Linux is secure and versatile: The security model used in Linux is based on the UNIX idea of security, which is known to be robust and of proven quality. Linux is a small UNIX system. Users Anyone using a Linux computer is a user The system keeps track of different users, by username Every user is assigned a unique User ID number (UID) Users' names and UIDs are stored in /etc/passwd Users are assigned a home directory and a shell Users cannot read, write or execute each others' files without permission Use su to switch to a different user Quicker than logging off and Jan 6, 2019 · Iptables is the user-space utility that allows configuration of Linux's built-in netfilter firewall. Mar 7, 2016 · Linux PPT - Download as a PDF or view online for free Apr 19, 2023 · Linux Mint - Ubuntu-based Linux Mint is a versatile Linux operating system that caters well to both beginner and experienced users. Iptables uses tables, chains, and rules to examine packets and determine whether to accept, drop, reject, or log them. Developed in 1991 by a University of Finland student Linus Torvalds. O Debian foi fundado em 1993 por Ian Murdock. You can see the use of Linux everywhere. It then describes how Linus Torvalds developed the initial Linux kernel in 1991 building on the work of the GNU project. Processes in Unix, Linux, and Windows CS-3013 A-term 2009 10 Processes – State Queues • The OS maintains a collection of process state queues – typically one queue for each state – e. e. Apr 19, 2013 · 3. fork() digunakan untuk membuat proses baru sedangkan exec() digunakan untuk memanggil program. 2. What is Unix? A multi-task and multi-user Operating System Developed in 1969 at AT&T’s Bell Labs by Ken Thompson (Unix) Dennis Ritchie (C) Douglas Mcllroy Some other variants: System V, Solaris, SCO Unix, SunOS, 4. • Debian GNU/Linux : A free software distribution. Share the program with others. File and Directory Attributes -Unix/Linux files have 8 attributes that can be seen with ls –l command. Nov 24, 2019 · Linux exists in many different distributions, or "distros", that package the Linux kernel along with other software. Oct 3, 2023 · 10. Today used on 7-10 million computers corporate computer network and Web servers . They offer long-term support with regular updates and are known for their reliability in mission-critical environments. May 16, 2024 · Flavors/Distributions of Linux CentOS/Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL): Often the go-to choice for servers, CentOS (although discontinued, its spirit lives on in Rocky Linux) and RHEL prioritize stability and security. Many operating systems were developed to be like Unix but none of them got the popularity as Linux. • Initially, Linux was created for personal computers and gradually it was used in other machines like servers, mainframe computers, supercomputers, etc. Ele é responsável pelas funções de mais baixo nível, como o gerenciamento de memória, gerenciamento de processos e da CPU. Key aspects of Fedora include its focus on freedom, features, community involvement, and being a testing ground for new technologies before they are Feb 19, 2015 · 7. Apr 22, 2016 · 7. Popular distros include Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, Debian, and Arch Linux. # create empty file. Feb 28, 2013 · 3. It describes the physical structure of file systems on disk including the boot block, super block, inode list, and block list. Aug 11, 2010 · • Isso é o início da grande “Comunidade Linux”, um grande conjunto de programadores no mundo que mantém e melhora o Linux diariamente. , Linux kernel 2. Linux can be used for high performance server applications, desktop applications, and embedded systems. In 1990, Linus Torvalds created the Linux kernel based on Andy Tanenbaum's Minix operating system. This ppt contains basic commands of UNIX operating system. It discusses what Ubuntu is, why users would want to use it, its default applications, and recent Ubuntu releases. Nov 26, 2017 · 3. Projetos de software assumem a forma de código-fonte, que é um conjunto legível de instruções do computador. Read less Apr 3, 2019 · It also covers Linux usage basics such as root and system directories, shell and file commands, user management, permissions, and input/output redirection. P. ”. Linux OS Windows OS General Info The Linux kernel released on 17th September, 1991 Windows was first released in 1985. CARACTERÍSTICAS GERAIS O sistema operacional Linux é composto por duas partes principais: Kernel: É o “núcleo” do sistema. , ready, waiting, … – each PCB is put onto a queue according to its current state – as a process changes state, its PCB is unlinked from one queue, and linked to another • Process state and Feb 3, 2016 · This presentation compares the Mac OS, Windows OS, and Linux OS. Torvalds convocou programadores de todo o mundo para ajudá-lo a desenvolver o Linux de forma colaborativa sob a licença GPL, que permite a qualquer um usar e modificar o código enquanto mantém o sistema aberto. Learning Outcomes On successful completion of this course, students will be able to: •Identify various types of firewalls and their functions, including which firewalls operate at which OSI protocol layer, and the basic variations of firewall architectures •Describe risk mitigation techniques to varying threats with the use of different firewall architectures •Demonstrate the ability Jul 27, 2016 · This document provides an overview of Linux fundamentals including concepts related to Ubuntu desktop and server, Linux distributions and architecture, the philosophy of Linux including the idea that everything is a file, and profiles of key figures like Linus Torvalds. It explains how the GNU project was started to develop a free and open source UNIX-like operating system. It covers the history of Linux, popular distributions like Red Hat, Ubuntu and Debian. Oct 1, 2018 · The document discusses Linux file systems. Jul 11, 2014 · Linux Operating system. It also explains the typical components of a Linux system, such as the kernel, libraries, utilities, and user interfaces. 4. 2 Apr 2, 2018 · 3. Some people think Unix and Linux as synonyms, but that's not true. It is built and maintained by an international community of volunteers as a collaboration project. It provides an overview of Linux file system types including network file systems like NFS and SMB, and disk file systems like ext2, ext3, FAT32, and NTFS. Read less Aug 17, 2021 · Linux was developed by a group of programmers over the Internet and has therefore strong support for network functionality; client and server systems can be easily set up on any computer running Linux. Over time, various Linux distributions were developed by independent groups and companies to package Linux along with additional software and create complete operating systems. cat - is to read and redirect the output to another file. 7 Beginning of Linux – A famous professor Andrew Tanenbaum developed Minix, a simplified version of UNIX that runs on PC – Minix is for class teaching only. - The userland includes standard libraries that allow programs to communicate with the kernel. Linux Kernel was written by a 21 year finnish college student as a part of his hobby. 0. Linux is widely used for servers, mainframes, embedded systems, and as an alternative to Windows on desktop computers and laptops. Mishra, BIT Durg Jun 12, 2015 · Management Process pada Linux Proses pada Linux merupakan aktifitas permintaan user terhadap sistem operasi. Download once and install it on as many PC you want. Linux is the GPL-licensed operating system, you are free to modify that software and use and even republish or sell it. o The kernel includes the code that performs certain specialized tasks, including TCP/IP networking. Improve the program and release those improvements so that others can use May 23, 2009 · 2. Aug 12, 2024 · Perbedaan mendasar Linux Perbedaan mendasar Linux Harganya yang murah, bahkan gratis. touch - create a simple empty file mkdir - Create one or more directories. The agenda includes topics like ARP, interface manipulation, network troubleshooting, routing, network bonding, network namespaces, kernel network parameters, and interview questions. Feb 9, 2023 · The document outlines a lecture on Linux internals given by Dr. " To qualify as free software by FSF standards, you must be able to: Run the program for any purpose you want to, rather than be restricted in what you can use it for. On a Windows system, we might create a “shortcut. Nov 15, 2011 · 58. 3. " To qualify as free software by FSF standards, you must be able to: • Run the program for any purpose you want to, rather than be restricted in what you can use it for. Version 1. Sep 5, 2018 · This document provides an overview of a presentation on Linux networking. 2 Mar 29, 2014 · 8. - Files are organized in a hierarchy with directories Mar 16, 2019 · Ashita Agrawal. vi - using vi create a file also to view and edit already created file. SET PERMISSION :- We can use the 'chmod' command which stands for 'change mode’. Manjaro – one of the best arch based OS 5. . 0 combined with the GNU Windows OS is neither open system to produce a complete source nor free OS and May 31, 2021 · 7. Linux berjalan lebih cepat daripada UNIX. It also discusses licensing models and provides an overview of common Linux commands for managing directories, files and general utilities. Linux file system First let see file structure in Linux :- 1) Standard directory structure / - the topmost ( / means where the file system is stored like C: in windows ) /dev - all the devices are accessible as files /var - “variable” data such as mails, log files, databases /usr - almost all the packages installed /etc - configuration files /home - home directories for all the users Sep 16, 2014 · Kali Linux is a Debian-derived Linux distribution designed for digital forensics and penetration testing. Harganya yang murah, bahkan gratis. 4BSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, BSDI Jul 9, 2015 · 2. It provides resources to all other programs that you run under Linux, and manages all other programs as they run. Popular for use on servers. LINUX-FREE SOFTWARE Free software, as defined by the FSF (Free Software Foundation), is a "matter of liberty, not price. ln –s foo/bar . Por meio do software, o computador pode acessar os recursos físicos da máquina, como impressoras e scanners. There are Literally over hundreds of Linux Distributions; with some based on others. Jun 4, 2010 · To make use of all the features of this program, you need to have a Linux kernel which supports the /proc/bus/usb interface (e. Restante da Década de 1990 • Muitas empresas podem “pegar” o Kernel Linux pela Internet (www. Linux was developed by Linus Torvalds Windows OS was developed by Microsoft The The first version of Linux was Version 0. D. The bootloader then loads the Linux kernel and initrd. Over 3,200 developers from 200 companies have contributed to the Feb 9, 2015 · Linus Torvalds created the Linux kernel in 1991 and made its source code freely available, creating the foundation for an open-source operating system. This ppt discusses the history of both the operating systems & compares both of them in terms of Kernel, memory management, GUI and application support. Basically a kernel, it was combined with the various software and compilers from GNU Project to form an OS, called GNU/Linux Linux is a full-fledged OS available in the form of various Linux Distributions RedHat, Fedora, SuSE, Ubuntu, Debian are examples of Linux distros Linux is supported by big names as IBM, Google, Sun Jun 24, 2008 · O Linux foi criado por Linus Torvalds como um sistema operacional gratuito e de código aberto para ser mais poderoso que o Minix. Jun 8, 2010 · This document provides an introduction to Ubuntu, an open-source Linux operating system. The kernel mounts the root filesystem and executes init to start essential processes and reach the default runlevel. Linux KernelLinux Kernel • The kernel is the central nervous system of Linux, include OS code which runs the whole computer. 01 1991 from few c files to 18 million lines in 2015 Jan 2, 2018 · The document discusses the Linux booting procedure. ”Linux servers made up more than 11 percent of all servers shipped in India in the first quarterRevenue from sales of Linux-based servers surged 90 percent in the fourth quarter 2002. It discusses the key features of each operating system, including security, reliability, ease of use, integration, performance monitoring, files management, and compatibility. It covers powerful utilities such as grep, sed, and awk, empowering users to search, manipulate, and process text efficiently. It is used from phones to supercomputers by almost all major hardware devices. O projeto GNU é um projeto iniciado por Richard Stallman em 1984, com o objetivo de criar um sistema operativo livre, que qualquer pessoa May 20, 2014 · 1. Introduction to Linux. Sep 24, 2020 · Kali Linux is an operating system based on Debian Linux designed for digital forensics and penetration testing. É necessária a utilização de outros programas Nov 22, 2013 · 8. Chapter 1. It can be used to filter packets, perform network address translation, and mangling packets. Aug 22, 2023 · The combination of the Linux kernel and software developed by the GNU Project form the GNU/Linux operating system. History of Linux GNU history Linux on the desktop F eatures of Linux Windows and Linux NOS comparison O perating system components Linux Architecture Linux Distributions Dec 18, 2018 · Here are some of the differences between Linux and windows: Linux Linux is open source; the complete source code for Linux is available. Feb 24, 2015 · Linux fundamentals. touch foo/bar. Read less Feb 28, 2023 · 7. Overview. The penguin logo of Linux was selected after Linus encountered a penguin that bit his hand during a vacation in the southern hemisphere. Apr 24, 2013 · A GNU/Linux GNU/Linux é um sistema operativo, composto pelo núcleo Linux e pelas bibliotecas e ferramentas do projeto GNU, além de diversos programas livres feitos por outros programadores e empresas. It's dominating on our servers, desktop,smartphones and even used in some electrical devices like refrigerators. Slackware Linux é uma das mais conhecidas distribuições do Linux, é a mais parecida com o UNIX. • Nowadays, Linux is the fastest-growing OS. , the source code of their kernel is protected No modification Oct 25, 2014 · Linux is not an OS, but it is the kernel, GNU Linux is the OS and it comes in several hundred flavours. Linux lebih stabil daripada MS WINDOWS. cp - Copies files Jan 26, 2014 · 2. Source codenya yang bebas. Jun 23, 2015 · 12. 1 Linux Command Line Essentials: An Introduction 2 What is the command line? 3 What, Why, When 4 What are Linux Commands? Linux commands are programs built into the operating system Created in 1991 Linux commands help navigate computer, manipulate data and help share information Are essential for handling large datasets and simplifying complex Linux is one of the most secure operating systems. The goal is to introduce students to the key concepts of Linux and prepare them to use Linux systems. No intention for commercial use – In Sept 1991, Linus Torvalds, a second year student of Computer Science at the University of Helsinki, developed the preliminary kernel of Linux, known as Linux version 0. It then provides overviews of the Ubuntu desktop, panels, menus, icons, virtual desktops, and the Nautilus file browser. Using the command, we can set permissions (read, write, execute) on a file/directory for the owner, group and the world. It then describes some key features of Linux like portability, security, and its hierarchical file system. Oct 24, 2014 · • Red Hat Linux : One of the original Linux distribution. It contains over 300 security tools and can run on various hardware architectures. History of Linux First truly free UNIX like OS 1983 , GNU developed by Richard Stallman but kernel was missing Personal project by Finnish student Linus Torvalds to create a new free operating system kernel in year 1991. kernel. 3. Only for minicomputer for commercial applications People was looking for a UNIX based system, which is cheaper and can run on PC Both DOS, MAC and UNIX were proprietary, i. The document also outlines the architecture Symbolic links. Dec 15, 2014 · Thanks to the great work of Ingo Molnar, Linux features a kernel using a O(1) algorithm as opposed to the O(n) algorithm used to describe the former CPU scheduler. BASIC COMMANDS pwd - print current working directory ls - List information about the FILEs. Ubuntu 7. mlrdbc oikz uil ntlze zxkjcgdb fatfx ivcwmxh gstza lwkmts nxzh